Dry shaver



Jan. 4, 1949. F. POLLIFRONE 2,458,417

DRY SHAVER Filed Sept. 18, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 BY woza a-1% TORNEYS.

Jami 1,1949. OL RONE 2,458,417

DRY SHAVER Filed SepL 18, 1946 r 2 Sheets-Sheet z n NVENTOR.

An iNEx s.

Patented Jan. 4, 1949 UN TED? 2,45s,4 1;;:;* nimsHAmn Frank Polliirona'llflell g Ca i Z- Application September 18, IMBES'ei-lal;Nowfiwjd l'g-"(Char-4 9;

13,,aC lai-n s.

This invention relates: to; ardry shaver: and-has for an object. toproviderandmproized dry shaver which .-iscmanua11yoperated:for..rotatingraaspiral cutting; member alternately .inopposite, directions to.clip hairs -cleanlyafromsthefiface p or; elsewhere without danger ofabrading the skin.

mfurther object: of this) invention isztomroitide a.:.manua]iy operated:dry shaventhatenablea one to ,eliminate the;- necessity; fOIfvaQSOUICGJoft'elece tricity iniusing amechanicaltrazor;

A "further object of. this inventiorris, to i provide a manuallyiand mechanicallyzoperable dry shaver which uses a manually. operated powerstroke for rotating acutter spiral;in onadirectionin a hair cutting-loperationand; simultaneously stores-1. .111 energy in. a: spring: f or;rotatingxthespiral, inv'nthe opposite direction, whichrreveltse rotationmay. be used ;either as, a hairi cutting; operation; ommay besused'as.merely a return movement of the spiral in;,preparation for r ther, next:manually-powered rotation of the spiraL;

A: furthenobjectotthis:inventionvisetoipmvide a:,-, dry shaver which:utilizing;.;the same sprinciples of;- operation, may;bemade;withassinglecut-r ter -spi-ral in: the -head, ;.and; likewise mam-bemade Wth:- a; plurali y of t hair-cutting Spira1$ ini the head; two, threefour or more, as may-be desired;

A further object of this invention-gis tomprOi ide aadry shaver havinga:c1 ea-n ing\ brushrinycombiq nation therewith for, cleaning:=;the;cutting; spiral, which. brush may bemoved; inte and 1 out offthebrushing position, and,whereinthe brushing position is located on theside opposite the haircut-j ting side of the shaverhead.

A further object of this invention isa? dry shaver utilizing a cutterspiral which does znot need any gear train to transmit the-powen-from ahand operated 1ever,-b1.1tinstead, utilizesa man: ually advanced andspring power retracted driver ball point operating directly in the s1o,toi the. cutter spiral, cooperating with the, sides of. the slot but outof contact with thecuttinggedges thereof.

Afurther object of this invention isytorprovide a dry'shaver which inone form: has: a cutter being understood thatjvarious changes-in thefonm andi minorrdetaiisvoit the eonstruction may be: made-withou cdepatinaifrom;t hetspiriti. and

Y scope of; the-invention.

Fig}: 1 515 a-iiside viewi, showinggthe closede'side of the. housingio{the dry shaver ofwthisi-inwentiom Fig 2i risi,:a.=fr ont;;viewa of thecomplete-gory shaver;

Ei'gr 3;gista sideeviewtfromithe-opposite;sideaof Fiisa;seetionalzviewszontline 4+4 ;of;;1?ig;;.3;; sea; to vvieiiizot thecutter: spiralahead,

Fi'ea .enredee viewotithemanuaHy-bperabie .sprineetvpe driver; I

i'l rr, is avsidetviewtot' Eigsflgn.

- isia sideviewmtza four cuttercspiraltiorm of thistin ntion;

Fig. 10 1831a; rout;wiewioi.?,Fig;;9;'.partlytbroken e c eotatabieshell: onithe;driver ball pointzz Bier}? aideta, ,showing; thecooperation or hfi lii lfir uidl thaxdriverr bail]: zpointii andg-zthespiral cutter; aswell-ztasithe; cutterspiralrcleaner rushcarriedpmthe;drivers?and;

There isrshewnaatvzn the; complete dry shaver oi thzl'ss, inventiondnsaformliavingi a-isingle -cutter, ut (the principles; and amost 1-;ofxi'thex detailswof the *one cutter; form-- likewise apply ttoranyofithe miiliii-cntten forms ;sho.wn.;in ;-Eigs; Qtto; I3';i inc1u+ siveeandi'identical; :referenee :numeralsrarez applied; where 'thedetails=aare: identicali Thee dry shaveneineludesr a :ahous'ing 2 I;shapedssoniewhat as showm havingi -a-.;front wall' 22:andback wall'3iiboth' cut'iawayuinaarhalfvmoomascattz liialong onerzedge andsjoinedvrtogether 'by'an edger-wanna along the; oppositeiedge; thebottoms being; con nested my. azcurved extension: 2 BF-ot the:edgeirwall 25*; this) curvedzext'ensionu:endingiwheratlie. half?moorrcutawaysilMeommeneee'v The upper end of the .=-housingi2:lisyopentgand abcve: thezcutaiways 'Zlithe =frontand=rbackrwa11s 3 arejoined by a short edge wall 21. Journaled in the short edge wall 21 andthe upper end of the housing edge wall 25 is a cutter spiral 28. Thecutter spiral 28 consists of a cylindrical member 38 having one or morecutter spiral grooves 3| extending along and in the cylindrical surfacethereof. In the cutter grooves, the edges 32, where the grooves extendthrough the cylindrical surface, are sharpened so as to provide aCutting effect. If one groove is used as a driving groove 29 withoutalso being a cutter groove, its edges are dull or smooth. Projectingfrom the ends of the cylindrical member 38, in aligmnent with thelongitudinal axis thereof, are a pair of stub shafts 33. As shown in thevarious figures, the

helix of the spiral groove may be varied as desired,

and in the multi-cutter forms 28 ,,203: and- 28 may be in oppositedirections.

Holes 34 in the edge walls 25 and 21 provide bearings for journaling thestub shafts 33 of the cutter spiral 28. In order to rotate the spiral28, a spring type driver 35 is provided in the form of a J-shaped springarm whose short arm 35 is securely fastened as by rivets 31 to theinside of the lower end of the edge wall 25. Extending from the end oflong arm 38 of the driver 35 is a neck 39 terminating in a ball point40, of such diameter that it fits entirely within the cutter spiralgroove 3|. Inasmuch as the ballpoint 40 is below the surface of thecylindrical member 30, it does not contact the cutting edges 32 of thespiral groove 3|, and the neck 39, being smaller than the diameter ofthe ball point 48 or of the groove 3 I, likewise cannot contact thegroove cutter edges 32. As shown in Fig. 16, the ball point 40 may beenveloped in a shell 4! rotatable thereon and adapted to have a film oflubricating material therein, thus making a substantially frictionlessdriving point.

As shown in Fig. 5, the cutter spiral 28 has only one groove; In Figs.17 and 18, two grooves are shown in the cutter spiral. In Figs. 14 and15, four grooves are shown. When there are more than a'single groove,the driver point 40 may extend into a cutter groove 3| with cuttingedges 32, the same way in Figs. 17 and 18 as it does in Fig. 5, orinstead, one of the multiple grooves may have dull or non-cutting edges,and such groove would be merely a driving groove 29. This is shown inFigs. 14 and 15, and, of course, may be equally applicable to anymulti-groove form, including those shown in Figs. and 13. In themulti-groove form with a driving groove 29, as in Figs. 14 and 15, thedriving point 48, although shown as a ball point, need not necessarilybe'a ball point, due to the absence of any cutting edges, but may be acylindrical pin completely filling the groove.

In order to maintain the spiral driving ball point 40 within the drivinggroove, guide pins 42 integrally extending from the opposite edges ofdriver arm 38 cooperate with guide slots 43 formed in the front and backwalls of the housing 2! and parallel to the axis of rotation of thecutter spiral 28. When the dry shaver 20 is grasped in the hand andsqueezed against the long arm 38 of the driver 25, the driver will bemoved towards and to the position shown in dotand-dash at 38 in Fig. 4,and the ball point 40 will cause the cutter'spiral 28 to rotate. Whenthe squeezing pressure is then released, the spring properties of thedriver 35 will restore it'to its original position, reversing therotation of the cutter spiral 28 as it does so.

Fitted over thetop end of the housing 2| is a shaver jacket or slottedcomb member 44, halfround in shape, and provided with a great pluralityof parallel slots 45. When the shaver is held against and moved over theface, the beard hairs will project into these slots 45, and the rotation of the spiral cutter 28, under squeezing action, will cut them offcleanly and as close to the skin as the thickness of the jacket permits.Due to the pressure against the skin, the hair roots will bulgeslightly, thus making the cutting action take place on a planesubstantially identical with the surface of the skin. If desired, theshaver may be held against the skin during the reverse rotation of thecutter spiral under the spring action, or it may be slightly relievedtherefrom.

In order toremove the hair clippings from the cutter 28, a brush 46 isprovided on a base 41 in the form of a collar slidably and frictionallyembracing the sides of driver arm 38, enabling the brush ends to beadvanced into cleaning contact within the housing against the spiralcutter 28, and thereafter to be retracted therefrom when cleaning iscompleted. To clean the cutter spiral, it is actuated while the brush isin contact therewith.

While the guide slots 43 are shown as being formed in the housing frontand back walls in the form disclosed in Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, it isobvious that a separate frame member 48, as in Figs. 17 and 18, may beprovided for these guide slots 43 and the bearing holes 34, and thatthey can be attached and assembled with the upper end of the housing inany suitable manner.

In Figs. 9 to 13, inclusive, several multi-cutter forms 20*, 2|] and 20of this invention are shown, with the shaving heads 58, 5| and 52 placedat an angle to the plane of the housing so that they may be comfortablyheld against the skin on the face in the shaving operation. In theseforms, the upper ends of the housings are formed into. or provided with,box-like units 53 in whose side walls 54 are located the bearing holes34 for stub shafts 33 of the spiral cutters 28. The top and bottom walls55 of the box-like units 53 are provided with the guide slots 43 toreceive the guide pins 42' formed on an angle bar 56 extending from thedriver 35', so as to maintain the driver ball points, one for eachcutter spiral, within the spiral grooves for rotating the cutterspirals. As shown, the grooves of these several multi-cutter head cutterspirals may extend in opposite direction.

Shaver jackets or comb members 44 with slots 45' of a size and shape tofit over the plurality of cutter spirals are fitted over the box-likeunit 53 and provide cooperating shearing members for each of the spiralcutters.

In operation, the dry shaver 20, 20 20 or 20 is held in the hand at acomfortable angle on the face, and the driver is squeezed and releasedalternately causing the cutter spirals to be rotated with the jacketsand clip the hairs extending through the jacket slots. The presence ofthe angular head in the multi-cutter forms determines the manner ofholding the dry shaver in the hand, but in the single cutter form at 26,the shaver may be held so as to be squeezed by either the thumb or thefingers, as desired. From time to time, the brush 46 may be moved tocleaning position. In addition, the shaver jackets may be frictionallyheld in position, and be easily removable, permitting ready cleaning ofthe cutter spirals.

While certain desirable embodiments of the auspice regarded asbroadlyinclusive. of any and all.

modifications fallingwwithin the scope. of the appended claims;

Whatds claimed :is:

1. A dry. shaver. comprising aehousing, a spirally groovedcutter. meansjournaled *at. one end.

of saidhousing, a slotted combmember on said housing; end; in.cooperative.juxtaposition with said spiral; cutter means,11188111511601: alternately rotating. said: spiral. cutter; means, inopposite .di.-

rections, said rotating means comprising a spring.

driver member, one end ofewhichsis-securedto said'housingandtheother-end; of which. comprises a spiral grooveengagingpoint, cooperativeguide means'onsaiddrivermember adjacent said point end and: on. said.housing. maintaining said point; in driving engagement. within thegroove in saidspirally groovedcutter'means, said housing-being cutaway:along at least a portion;.of oneside providing operative access .to.said driver member-whereby. said housing. may be manually held. inshaving position to depress and release saidspring; driver memberr toalternately, rotate said; spiral cutter means.

I 2.. A dry shaver. comprising a. housing, a spirally grooved cuttermeans. journaledjat one'end of saidihousing,;a; slotted comhmember onsaid housing: end. in. cooperative juxtaposition with saidspiralcuttermeans, means, for alternately rotating saidspiral. cutter. means inoppositedirections, said rotatingv means comprising. a spring drivermember one end of which is secured to saidhousing and the otherendofwhich comprises a spiral groove engaging-point, a friction reducing.member on said-point, cooperative guide means on. saiddriver memberadjacent said point end and on said housing maintaining; said point.

in driving'engagement within the groove in said spirally grooved cuttermeans, saidhousing beingcutaway along at least asportion of one sideproviding operative. access. to. said. driver member wherebysaidhousing; may be manually held in shaving position todepress. andrelease said spring drivermember to alternately rotate said spiralcutter means.

3. Adry shaver comprising a. housing, a spirally. grooved cutter meansjournaled at one end of said. housing, said. spirally grooved cuttermeans comprising a plurality of individual cutter members, the groovesin: adjacent cutter members' extending in. opposite directions, aslottedcombmemberxon said housing. end in cooperative juxtaposition. with saidspiral cutter means, means for alternately rotating said spiral cuttermeans in opposite directions, said rotating means comprisinga springdriver member one end of which. is secured tosaid housing and the otherend of which comprises a spiral groove engaging point, cooperative guidemeans on said driver memberv adjacent said point end and on said housingmaintaining said point in-driving engagement within the groove in. saidspirally grooved cutter means; said housing being cutaway along at leasta portion of one side providingoperative access to said driver memberwhereby said housing may be manually held. in shaving position todepress and release said spring. driver member to, alternatelyrotate-said spiral cutter means.

4. A dry shaver comprising a housing, a spirally grooved cutter meansjournaled at one end of saidhousing; .a: .slottedxcomzb; memberr ua idrhousing end: in; cooperative. juxtaposition; with; saidspiral. cuttermeans,.: means, for; alternately; rotating. said: spiral cutter means;in opposite directions,;sai,d rotatingmeans.comprising a spring, drivermember one end, of, whichiszzseoured. to. saidphousing, andjtheotherendof' which com.- prisesaa. piral; groove: en a po nt; a co ar.slidablymounted;onsaid driver member, a brush based on-said collar.-ada-pted to be temporarily;

moved intocleaning. contact with said spiral cuttenmeans:withinsaidhousing, cooperative, guide means."v on said:.drivergmemberiadiacent saidpoint end anclzron saidqhousing maintaining.said point. in driving. engagementgwithin the, groove in said spirallygroovedcutter-means, said :housing being cutaway :along; at: lea-stia.portion .ofuone; side-pro: viding: operative aceessto said. drivermember, whereby: said housingrmay bemanually heldin shaving position to,depress'and release, said spring: driver member; to 1 alternatelyrotatesaid spiral cutter mean's..-..

5.. A. dry shaver:- comprising a housing. a spirally groovedcutter-meansjournaled at one endiof said housing, said1spirally grooved cutter meanscomprising; a;.- single.- cutter member, av slotted comb member" on:said; housing end in cooperative j uxtapositionzwith said spiralcuttermeans,rmeans for alternately rotating; said" spiral cutter meansin oppositedire-ctions, said rotating means comprisinga-spring.driver'member one end of which .is- .securedtfto said :housi'ng and the.other-endof which comprises a spiral groove engaging, point, a. collar:slidablv;- mounted on; said driver member; a brush; based on said collaradapted to be temporarilyrmoved into cleaning. contact. With, saidspiral. cutter means within said housing, cooperative guidemeanson saiddriver member adjacent; said. point end andon said housingmaintainingsaid point 'in driving. engagement within the: groove in.said: spirally grooved cutter; means,. said' housing bein cutaway alongatleasta portion of one side providing operative access to. said; drivermember whereby said'housing may: be. manually held in shaving; positionto.:depress andrelease said spring driver-memberto' alternately. rotatevsaid spiral cutter means.

6. Adryshaver comprising a housing, a spirally grooved cutter means:journaled at one end of said housing, means for alternately rotating.said spiral cutter-means in, opposite directions, said rotating. means.comprising a. J-shaped spring driver-.membar one end of which is.secured to said housin and the other end of which comprises a ballpoint, said ball point engaging said spiral groove, cooperative guidemeans on said driver; memberadjacent said ball point end and on saidhousing, maintaining said ball point in driving engagement within thegroove in said spirally grooved cutter means, saidhousing being cutawayalong at least a portion of one side pro-- vidingz; operative access tosaid: driver member whereby said housing-'may' be manually he d inshaving position vto depress andrelease said spring driver member toalternately rotate said spiral cutter means.

7. A. dry shaver comprising -a housing, spirally grooved cutter meansjournaled at one endof said housing, a slotted comb. member removablymounted on: said housing end in cooperative juxtaposition withsaid'spir-al cuttermeans, means for alternately rotating said spiralcutter means in opposite directions, said rotating means comprising aJ-shaped spring driver member one end of which is secured to saidhousing and the other end of which comprises a ball point, a frictionreducing member on said ball point comprising an enveloping shellrotatably mounted thereon, said ball point engaging said spiral groove,cooperative guide means on said driver member adjacent said ball pointend and on said housing maintaining said ball point in drivingengagement within the groove in said spirally grooved cutter means, saidhousing being cutaway along at least a portion of one side providingoperative access to said driver member whereby said housing may bemanually held in shavin position to depress and release said sprindriver member to alternately rotate said spiral cutter means.

8. A dry shaver comprising a housing, a spirally grooved cutter meansjournaled at one end of said housing, said spirally grooved cutter meanscomprising a single cutter member, a slotted comb member removablymounted on said housing end in cooperative juxtaposition with saidspiral cutter means, means for alternately rotating said spiral cuttermeans in opposite directions, said rotating means comprising a J-shapedspring driver member one end of which is secured to said housing and theother end of which comprises a ball point, said ball point engaging saidcutter means within said spiral groove, cooperative guide means on saiddriver member adjacent said ball point end and on said housingmaintaining said ball point in driving engagement within the groove insaid spirally grooved cutter means, said housing being cutaway along atleast a portion of one side providing operative access to said drivermember whereby said housing may be manually held in shaving position todepress and release said spring driver member to alternately rotate saidspiral cutter means.

9, A dry shaver comprising a housing, a spirally grooved cutter meansjournaled at one end of said housing, said spirally grooved cutter meanscomprising a plurality of individual cutter members, a slotted combmember removably mounted on said housing end in cooperativejuxtaposition with said spiral cutter means, means for alternatelyrotating said spiral cutter means in opposite directions, said rotatingmeans comprising a J -shaped spring driver member one end of which issecured to said housing and the other end of which comprises a ballpoint, said ball point engaging said cutter means within said spiralgroove, cooperative guide means on said driver member adjacent said ballpoint end and on said housing maintaining said ball point in drivingengagement within the groove in said spirally grooved cutter means, saidhousing being cutaway a ong at least a portion of one side providingoperative access to said driver member whereby said housing may bemanually held in shaving position to depress and release said springdriver member to alternately rotate said spiral cutter means.

10. A dry shaver comprising a housing, a spirally grooved cutter meansjournaled at one end of said housing, a slotted comb member removablymounted on said housing end in cooperative juxtaposition with saidspiral cutter means, means for alternately rotating said spiral cuttermeans in opposite directions, said rotating means comprising a J-shapedspring driver member one end of which is secured to said housing and theother end of which comprises a ball point, a collar slidably mounted onsaid driver member, a brush based on said collar adapted to betemporarily moved into cleaning contact with said spiral cutter meanswithin said housing, said ball point engaging said cutter means withinits spiral groove, cooperative guide means on said driver memberadjacent said ball point end and on said housing maintaining said ballpoint in driving engagement within the groove in said spirally groovedcutter means, said housing being cutaway along at least a portion of oneside providing operative access to said driver member whereby saidhousing may be manually held in shaving position to depress and releasesaid spring driver member to alternately rotate said cutter spiralmeans.

11. A dry shaver comprising a housing, a spiral- 1y grooved cutter meansjournaled at one end of said housing, said spirally grooved cutter meanscomprising a plurality of individual cutter members, the grooves inadjacent cutter members extending in opposite directions, a slotted combmember removably mounted on said housing end in cooperativejuxtaposition with said spiral cutter means, means for alternatelyrotating each of said spiral cutter means in opposite directions, saidrotating means comprising a J -shaped spring driver member one end ofwhich is secured to said housing and the other end of which comprises aball point, said ball point engaging said cutter means within its spiralgroove, cooperative guide means on said driver member adjacent said ballpoint end and on said housing maintaining said ball point in drivingengagement within the groove in said spirally grooved cutter means, saidhousing being cutaway along at least a portion of one side providingoperative access to said driver member whereby said housing may bemanually held in shaving position to depress and release said springdriver member to alternately rotate said spiral cutter means.

12. In a dry shaver comprising a housing, a cylindrically spiralledcutter means journaled on its ends at one end of said housing, saidcutter means having a plurality of spiral grooves, at least one of thegrooves being a driving groove, the remaining grooves having sharpenedcutter edges, and a spring driver member extending into said drivinggroove and movable therealong to impart rotation to said spiral cuttermeans.

13. In a dry shaver comprising a housing, a cylindrically spiralledcutter means journaled on its ends at one end of said housing, saidcutter means having a plurality of spiral grooves, at least one of thegrooves being a driving groove, the remaining grooves having sharpenedcutter edges, and a spring driver member extending into said drivinggroove and movable therealong to impart rotation to said spiral cuttermeans, the edges of the driving groove also being sharpened.

FRANK POLLIFRONE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 489,995 Stenberg Jan. 17, 18931,543,387 Kawelle June 23, 1925 2,184,180 Fairey Dec. 19, 1939 2,402,233Beatty June 18, 1946

